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Pharm Sci. 2022;28(1): 15-26.
doi: 10.34172/PS.2021.36

Scopus ID: 85119431716
  Abstract View: 753
  PDF Download: 600

Review

Development of Imaging and Liquid Biomarker Analysis for Breast Cancer Screening: A Review

Atmedi Surendra 1* ORCID logo, Tina Rostinawati 1 ORCID logo, Riezki Amalia 2 ORCID logo

1 Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia.
2 Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjajaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia.
*Corresponding Author: Email: atmedisurendra@yahoo.com

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer screening tests could reduce the mortality rates for breast cancer patients. Screening and detection are the keystone of cancer prevention and may significantly minimize the death rates in breast cancer patients for long-term. In this review, we would like to present a comprehensive summary from recent publications of the current development for breast cancer screening, classification of breast cancer based on pathological diagnosis, as well as development of breast cancer detection.

Methods: The sources of the articles were collected from research published in the PubMed, NCBI databases and manual searches without time restriction based on review of the title, abstract and full review of the articles, using the keywords “breast cancer”, “diagnostic”, “screening”, “imaging”, “biomarker” and the combination of these terms. The criteria excluded in selecting references were articles that are not written in English, newspapers, and posters.

Results: Of the 146 articles that were selected, there were 103 articles included. Breast cancer screening consists of imaging and pathological assessment such as invasive biopsies of tumor tissue and measurement of biomarkers. The recent development of breast cancer screening utilizing different models and methods like biomarkers were being reviewed. For imaging methods, there are mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis (3D mammography), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonography. For pathological assessment, there are primary biomarker analysis for breast cancer (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2, KI67 index) and liquid biomarker analysis from blood or saliva samples. Additionally, there are some diagnostic kit models for breast cancer screening that were in use such as NanoString nCounter®, MammaTyper®, CellSearch System™, and AdnaTest BreastCancer™.

Conclusion: Each of these methods has its own limitations. Therefore, the development of breast cancer models should be more sensitive, reliable, approachable and less harmful.

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Submitted: 02 Jan 2021
Revision: 01 Jun 2021
Accepted: 18 Jun 2021
ePublished: 08 Jul 2021
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