Jeiran Pashapour-Anousheh
1,2 
, Abolfazl Barzegar
3, Mohammad Saeid Hejazi
1,2, Nikoo Hasheminejad
1,2, Hamid Reza Heidari
1,2, Elnaz Mehdizadeh Aghdam
1,2* 1 Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract
Ras proteins are considered as one of the most critical cancer initiators. Mutations of this protein family lead to the continuous activation of the proliferation pathways. Therefore, many efforts have been taken to design the anti-mutant Ras drug candidates. Regardless of the development of promising inhibitors of Ras G12C mutant in a specific cancer type, there is no approved inhibitor of Ras mutants in the clinic. One of the significant limitations is to inhibit particular mutants and not to affect the wild-type Ras variants. Here we present a review on the mechanism of action of the Ras proteins to get a better insight into the strategies utilized to inhibit Ras-mutated cancers. The direct Ras inhibition strategies are then highlighted to obtain a better perspective of possible promising approaches to target Ras proteins in cancer therapy.