Wahyu Isnia Adharini
1 
, Ruri Vivian Nilamsari
1, Noviana Dwi Lestari
1, Nashi Widodo
1 , Muhaimin Rifa'i
1* 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia.
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the β-pancreas cells. The immunomodulatory activities related to the role of anti-inflammatory cytokines might contribute to control the inflammatory response in T1DM. This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of Moringa oleifera-Channa micropeltes formulation (MC) based on the profile of CD4+IL-4+, CD4+IL-10+, and CD4+TGF-β+ in type 1 diabetic mice.
Methods: A total of 30 mice were divided into six equal groups as normal, diabetic mice, diabetic mice with metformin administration, and diabetic mice with MC administration doses 1, 2 , and 3. The mice were injected intraperitoneally by 145 mg/kg BW Streptozotocin (STZ) to induce T1DM. Diabetic mice were orally administrated by MC for 14 days. The levels of CD4+IL-4+, CD4+IL-10+, and CD4+TGF-β+ were determined by flow cytometry analysis.
Results: The DM group had low levels of IL-4 and IL-10, but high levels of TGF-β as compared to the normal. Administration of MC in certain doses significantly increased the levels of IL-4 and IL-10, while inversely decreased the levels of TGF-β in diabetic mice at the levels close to the normal and significantly different from the DM group. The glucose levels in diabetic mice after MC administration were significantly lower than the DM group.
Conclusion: Based on the results, MC administration in a dosage-dependent manner might have the immunomodulatory effect to reduce the inflammation by increasing IL-4 and IL-10 and suppressing TGF-β in type 1 diabetic mice.