Abstract
The
medicinal plant of Ornithogalum cuspidatum ( Liliaceae ) uses widely in
Iranian traditional medicine for treatment of respiratory and inflammatory
disease. Previous study on methanolic extract of Ornithogalum cuspidatum showed
that it has cytotoxic effect. Therefore we aimed to study the cytotoxic effect
of methanolic extract fractions of Ornithogalum cuspidatum on WEHI-164,
fibrosarcoma cancer cell line. Methods: Fractions of methanolic extract
of Ornithogalum Cuspidatum was prepared using SPE ( Solid Phase
Extraction ).WEHI-164 cancer cell line were treated with different
concentrations of 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%,
80% and 100% fractions of methanolic extract of Ornithogalum cuspidatum for 12 and 24 hours. Cytotoxicity and cell
viability were measured by MTT assay. ELISA was performed to determine
apoptosis after 24 hours in different concentrations of methanolic fractions. Results:
10% and 20% fractions of methanolic extract had not cytotoxic effect
but 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% fractions induced a significant growth inhibition in
WEHI-164 cancer cell line with LC50 of 200, 96, 76 and 73 µg/ml
respectively. Morphological changes of cell death in treated WEHI-164 cells
were mediated via apoptosis. Apoptosis in WEHI-164 cells after
24 hours treatment with 200 μg/ml of 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% fractions were 36,
41, 42 and 49% respectively. Conclusion:
The results of this study suggest that 80% and 100% fractions of methanolic
extract of Ornithogalum cuspidatum contain higher cytotoxic and
apoptotic compounds on WEHI-164 cancer cells and can be candidate for
identifying and purifying of cytotoxic bioactive compounds.