Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Pharmaceutical Sciences 1735-403X 28 1 2022 01 30 Sodium Bicarbonate versus Statins to Prevent Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury: A Comprehensive Review 39 50 10.34172/PS.2021.15 EN Sanam Dolati https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6257-5411 Ata Mahmoodpoor Nafiseh Gharizadeh Saina Gholipouri Hassan Soleimanpour https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1311-4096 Journal Article 10.34172/PS.2021.15 2020 11 10 2021 03 19 Iodinated contrast agents are commonly used in diagnostic radiography techniques along with therapeutic interventions. Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury (CI-AKI) is a significant problem of all angiographic procedures, triggered by the use of Iodinated Contrast Media (ICM). There are conflicting data concerning the prevention and treatment of CI-AKI. Numerous approaches have been studied to prevent CI-AKI, but the therapy of choice remains undetermined. The cornerstones of CI-AKI prevention include low-osmolar ICM and intravenous hydration. The recommended hydration must be achieved by means of an isotonic solution of saline. Statins were tested against AKI due to their anti-inflammatory action and antioxidant effect on endothelial function. Novel approaches are required to investigate the short-term effects of high dosage atorvastatin versus sodium bicarbonate on CI-AKI prevention. The objective of this review is to compare the findings of various studies that had applied different doses of statins, sodium bicarbonate, and other agents for preventing CI-AKI.