Tharani Mohanasundaram
1 
, Vadivelan Ramachandran
1* , Bhargav Bhongiri
1 , Emdormi Rymbai
1 , Rinu Mary Xavier
2 , Gaddam Narasimha Rao
1, Chintha Narendar
1 1 Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India.
2 Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India.
Abstract
Wound healing is a complicated, organised process that includes numerous phases that connect diverse cellular events and activate several intracellular molecular pathways in injured cells and tissues. Delay in wound healing owing to high levels of oxidative stress is a major difficulty in various metabolic illnesses, including diabetes mellitus. Several therapeutic wound dressing materials and methods, such as hyperbaric oxygen treatment and negative pressure wound therapy, have been developed to speed up wound healing and restore cellular homeostasis. A significant advance has been made in locating transcriptional regulators involved in wound healing. The redox-sensitive transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is the major regulator of antioxidant defence regulation, inducing the expression of cytoprotective genes and increasing the generation of antioxidants that scavenge free radicals. Activators of Nrf2 have been shown to reduce oxidative stress and improve wound healing in a variety of pathophysiological situations, including diabetes and its consequences such as diabetic foot ulcers, chronic kidney disease, and diabetic nephropathy. Several therapeutic chemicals have been discovered to alleviate oxidative stress and consequently increase cell proliferation. Angiogenesis results in tissue healing through activating the transcription factor Nrf2. This review focuses on the role of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant gene expression in diabetic wound healing.