Optimization of Cefixime Nanosuspension to Improve Drug Dissolution

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize cefixime nanosuspensions in order to enhance the dissolution rate and solubility of this drug. Methods: Nanosuspensions were prepared using sonoprecipitation method and the effects of surfactant type, surfactant and solid content, sonication power input and interval of acid addition on the yield and particle size of nanosuspensions were investigated. Results: Particle size and yield of the optimal nanosuspension formulation were 266±10 nm and 35±2%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed a nearly spherical morphology for cefixime nanoparticles. Thermal analysis indicated that there was a partial crystalline structure in the nanoparticles and in vitro dissolution rate of the drug was significantly increased by the reduction in particles size. Conclusions: Sonoprecipitation was shown to be a successful method to produce cefixime nanosuspensions and the optimum conditions of the process were introduced.

Keywords: Cefixime, nanosuspension, dissolution rate, solubility, optimization, factorial design